Primary firefighting equipment

Possessing basic knowledge in emergency situations often becomes a person's only way to salvation. Correct actions in such cases play a primary role: it is sometimes the preservation of life and health that depends on them. And there is no time to delay here – decisions are made in minutes. Undoubtedly, extinguishing a large-scale fire is a job for professionals, but a small fire in the initial stage can be dealt with independently. But in order for your attempts to combat the fire to be successful, you need to clearly understand not only how to extinguish, but also with what.

Surely, the first thing that comes to mind is water. It is impossible to argue with this, as it is indeed the most common and universal remedy. This is explained by the fact that water, when it hits the fire, evaporates, thereby cooling the burning object. In turn, the unevaporated part "isolates" it from the oxygen coming from the air and limits the further development of the flame.

However, there are several serious "BUTs" here. Firstly, water should never be used to extinguish electrical wiring or household appliances that are under voltage. Secondly, there are substances that are lighter than water by specific gravity, as a result of which they simply float to the surface and continue to burn. These include: oil, gasoline, kerosene, fuel oil, acetone, paint, oil, and other flammable liquids (LLFs). In addition, the area of the fire will also increase, as the water will spread.

Thus, when water is not a helper, sand or earth comes to the rescue. They are usually used to extinguish small fires, including electrical equipment and flammable liquids. By absorbing heat, these firefighting agents cool and impede air access.

The next available option is a blanket (a piece of felt) or other dense fabrics, heavy woolen blankets, coats, soaked in water. This method is quite effective because it cuts off oxygen supply and prevents the flame from spreading, but only in small areas. And remember: no synthetics! Such fabrics melt and decompose easily under the action of fire. Moreover, they release toxic gases and are prone to sudden flare-ups.

And finally, the most practical and reliable means is a fire extinguisher. According to legislation, they must be available at enterprises, offices, public buildings, and transport; however, as they say, "just in case," it is recommended to have one at home as well. And do not forget that such a device should not be stored near heating appliances, heated surfaces, and units, and direct sunlight should also be avoided. Using a modern fire extinguisher is not difficult. You need to take it in your hands, break the seal, pull the pin, press the lever, and direct the extinguishing agent towards the fire.

Extinguishing a fire on your own is always a certain risk, so in any situation, remember that life is more valuable! Do not overestimate your capabilities, and if you cannot cope with the fire in a short time, do not waste your strength – further resistance is not only useless but also deadly dangerous! Leave quickly, call rescuers at 101 or 112, and wait for them in a place where you are no longer in danger.